Liability

Premium in the line, its weight in each market, growth, the leader and the market's ratios after reinsurance (gross, marked, where insurers with half the line's premium give no net figures). Ratios marked ≈ are approximate and leave out expenses. Top three = the three largest insurers' share of the line. Select a heading to sort.

Short notes on liability in the region, in Polisa's words, each with its source and date. Updated 20 Oct 2026.

• Premium up 11.6% a year. General liability premium in the 18 markets rose from €1.6bn in 2021 to €2.4bn in 2025 in euros; Poland writes 45% of it and Czechia 22%.

  Polisa figures · FY 2021–2025

• Ratios edged up in 2025. Liability combined ratios after reinsurance rose by 3–5 points in 2025 in Czechia (81% to 84%), Poland (92% to 95%), Croatia (86% to 91%) and Romania (75% to 80%), and fell in Bulgaria (66% to 50%).

  Polisa figures · FY 2024–2025

• Cyber premium near $15bn worldwide. Munich Re estimates the global cyber insurance market at almost US$15bn in 2025 and expects about US$28bn by 2030, though growth has slowed for three years.

  Munich Re · 22 Apr 2026

• European cyber rates keep falling. Marsh's index shows cyber rates in Europe down 9% in Q2 2026, as in the previous quarter; financial and professional lines fell for the 13th quarter running.

  Marsh · Jul 2026

• Product liability extends to software. EU states must transpose the new Product Liability Directive by 9 December 2026; it brings software into scope, eases the burden of proof in some cases and can extend liability to 25 years.

  CMS · 22 May 2025

Share of line = the insurer's share of this line in its own market. Ratios after reinsurance (net claims and expenses over net earned premium, S.05.01) where the insurer gives them, else gross, marked; lines under €1m earned are left out. Green below 95%, amber 95–100%, red above 100%.